一个基于对称的机制,用于在前言婴儿的感知分组
Alessandra Geraci1, Maria Loconsole2, Lucia Regolin3
1Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. alessandra.geraci@unict.it.
Scientific reports
|February 11, 2025
概括
婴儿表现出对素数的偏好,类似于小. 这表明,在物种之间进行数值歧视的共享感知机制,在发育早期出现.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 发展心理学是发展心理学.
- 比较的认知比较的认知.
背景情况:
- 新生小通过感知机制表现出数值区分能力.
- 这种机制依赖于形成相同大小的子集的能力.
- 这项研究提出的问题是,这种能力是独一无二的早熟鸟类,还是与人类共享.
研究的目的:
- 调查人类婴儿是否具有与观察到的数字歧视类似的感知机制.
- 确定这种机制是否支持人类早期发展中的复杂数值歧视.
- 探索远距离相关物种之间潜在的共享数值处理机制.
主要方法:
- 让8个月大的婴儿熟悉偶数的集合 (可分解为等子集).
- 测试婴儿在小说集之间的偏好:一个质数数和一个非质数奇数数.
- 提出了比较,其中质数数量要么较小 (7对9) 或更大 (9对11).
主要成果:
- 婴儿表现出对具有质数数量的集有一致的凝视偏好.
- 这种偏好观察到,不管主要集数量比比较集更小或更大.
- 观察到的婴儿行为反映了先前在小中记录的偏好.
结论:
- 一个早期出现的复杂数值歧视的感知机制似乎存在于人类中.
- 这种机制可能在包括鸟类和人类在内的生态多样性物种中共享.
- 这些发现表明,在早期发育过程中,数字处理具有潜在的通用基础.
更多相关视频
05:35Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization
Published on: April 19, 2017
6.6K
07:31Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms
Published on: February 8, 2019
6.5K
相关概念视频
01:21Gestalt Principles of Perception
273
Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...
273
01:14Piaget's Stage 1 of Cognitive Development
583
The sensorimotor stage, the initial phase of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, spans the first two years of a child's life. During this period, infants actively engage with their surroundings, building cognitive awareness through direct interaction with the world. This interaction is primarily based on sensory perception and motor actions, allowing infants to gradually understand basic physical properties and predict how objects interact within their environment.
583
01:21The Nativist Approach
33
The nativist approach to infant cognitive development proposes that infants are born with inherent knowledge structures that allow them to interpret the world almost immediately. This perspective contrasts with earlier developmental theories, such as those proposed by Jean Piaget, which emphasized a more gradual acquisition of cognitive abilities through interaction with the environment. One key concept in this approach is object permanence — the understanding that objects continue to...
33
01:14Piaget's Stage 2 of Cognitive Development
32
The preoperational stage, the second of Jean Piaget's four stages of cognitive development, spans approximately ages 2 to 7 and is characterized by the emergence of symbolic thinking. During this stage, children use language, images, and symbols to represent objects and concepts, enabling them to engage in imaginative and pretend play. This symbolic thinking supports children's ability to perform make-believe actions, such as imagining a broom as a horse or their hand as a phone,...
32