患有自闭症谱系障碍风险的婴儿与表达性语言延迟的面部差异横向化
Junko Araya1,2, Takashi Ikeda2,3, Chiaki Hasegawa2,3
1United Graduate School of Child Development Osaka University Suita Japan.
PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences
|February 12, 2025
概括
婴儿大脑对面部的反应,特别是右侧状 (FG) 侧面化,可能预测表达性语言的发展. 语言技能延迟的婴儿表现出较少的FG横向化,这可能表明自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 风险.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 面对面的互动对婴儿语言和社会技能发展至关重要.
- 之前的研究将右状 (FG) 侧面化与社交技能联系起来,但其与语言发展的联系尚不清楚.
- 了解婴儿面部处理是识别早期发育标志物的关键.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查婴儿大脑对面部的反应是否根据表达语言能力而有所不同.
- 探索面部处理侧面化与婴儿语言发育之间的关系.
- 为了确定语言延迟和自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 风险的潜在神经预测因子.
主要方法:
- 42名日本婴儿 (18-34个月) 被分为延迟 (n=20) 和控制 (n=22) 语言组.
- 磁脑电图 (MEG) 记录了婴儿看母亲的脸,陌生人的脸和杂乱的图像时的大脑活动.
- 状 (FG) 侧面化指数被计算出来以量化面部处理模式.
主要成果:
- 在各组之间发现了FG横向化的显著差异.
- 对照组的婴儿表现出对面的右侧FG优势;延迟组的婴儿没有.
- 75%的迟到组显示出ASD的高风险,较差的语言与减少右半球对母亲脸部的优势相关.
结论:
- 婴儿面部处理侧面化,特别是在FG,可以预测表达性语言能力.
- 对母亲脸部的反应减少了对右的FG横向化,这可能是语言延迟和ASD风险的早期指标.
- 这些发现突出了神经成像在识别需要早期干预的婴儿沟通障碍的潜力.
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