在升高的幼和成年人温度下,奥斯特里尼亚的表观基因组变化
Brittany A Velikaneye1, Genevieve M Kozak1
1Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, Massachusetts, USA.
Molecular ecology
|February 12, 2025
概括
气候变暖可能会改变欧洲玉米的DNA甲基化. 热暴露增加了DNA甲基化,在这些昆虫中观察到性别特异的基因通路变化.
科学领域:
- 环境表观遗传学环境表观遗传学
- 昆虫的生殖生物学 昆虫的生殖生物学
- 气候变化影响气候变化的影响.
背景情况:
- 表观遗传修饰,如DNA甲基化,对于调节基因表达至关重要.
- 环境压力因素,包括温度上升,可以影响表观遗传模式.
- 了解热量如何影响昆虫繁殖期间的DNA甲基化是至关重要的.
研究的目的:
- 研究热暴露对欧洲玉米 (Ostrinia nubilalis) 的DNA甲基化模式的影响.
- 为了比较DNA甲基化中的性别特异性变化,以应对幼儿和成年阶段的热应激.
主要方法:
- 在幼和成年阶段,欧洲玉米被暴露在高温 (28°C) 或环境条件 (23°C) 中.
- 基因组范围内的DNA甲基化变化使用酶性甲基序列 (EM-seq) 进行了分析.
- 在男性和女性中,热暴露和对照组之间的甲基化模式进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 暴露于热量导致全球DNA甲基化 (甲基化CpG位点的百分比) 在两性中显著增加,尽管很小.
- 与男性相比,女性的总体DNA甲基化率较高.
- 观察到性别特定的差异甲基化,影响男性 (例如,Hippo信号,DNA修复,精子生成) 和女性 (例如,基因素修饰, oogenesis) 的独特基因路径.
结论:
- 类动物的DNA甲基化模式对中度的热暴露有反应.
- 这些发现提供了关于表观遗传机制的见解,这些机制是昆虫在发育和繁殖过程中对热浪和热应激的反应的基础.
相关概念视频
02:27Background and Environment Affect Phenotype
6.4K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
6.4K
01:37Epigenetic Regulation
3.0K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
X-chromosome...
3.0K
02:45Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
13.3K
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
13.3K
02:32Position-effect Variegation
6.3K
In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
6.3K