在医疗补助计划注册的自闭症成年人中,注意力缺陷/过度活动障碍
Benjamin E Yerys1,2, Sha Tao3, Lindsay Shea3
1Center for Autism Research and Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
JAMA network open
|February 12, 2025
概括
自闭症成年人的注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) 发病率更高. 虽然ADHD与健康状况不佳有关,但ADHD药物可以改善自闭症成年人的健康状况.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 自闭症成年人面临着严重的健康差异.
- 注意缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 与一般人群的不良健康结果有关.
- 自闭症成年人同时出现的ADHD对健康的影响仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定自闭症成年人中ADHD的患病率.
- 为了检查自闭症成年人的ADHD药物处方率.
- 为了研究ADHD,其治疗和自闭症成年人的健康结果之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 一项基于人口的队列研究利用了2008-2019年美国医疗补助数据.
- 纳入标准包括自闭症成年人,智力障碍 (ID) 的成年人,以及普通医疗补助人口样本.
- 经过验证的算法确定了自闭症,ADHD和ID诊断.
主要成果:
- 与普通人群相比,自闭症成年人患ADHD的比例明显高 (26.7%对2.7%).
- 诊断ADHD与增加的物质使用率,心血管疾病和受伤有关.
- ADHD药物处方与较低的负面健康结果率有关,包括物质使用,受伤和心血管疾病.
结论:
- 自闭症成年人有很高的同时发生的ADHD的流行率.
- 自闭症成年人的ADHD与不良健康结果的风险增加有关.
- 用药物治疗ADHD可能会减轻自闭症成年人的一些负面健康后果.
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