导航风险:关于行人与车辆碰撞因素的全面研究
Ji Young Li1, Jeffry Nahmias1, Michael Lekawa1
1University of California, Irvine, Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Burns & Surgical Critical Care, Orange, California.
The Journal of surgical research
|February 12, 2025
概括
药物使用障碍和精神疾病是受机动车撞击行人 (PSMV) 最强的预测因素. 与普遍认为的相反,儿童和老年人不太可能患PSMV,这凸显了需要提高谨慎和预防的必要性.
科学领域:
- 创伤外科 手术 创伤外科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 人们普遍认为,老年人,幼儿和患有精神疾病的人最容易受到行人与车辆碰撞的影响.
- 支持这些信念的经验证据有限,需要对风险因素进行数据驱动的调查.
研究的目的:
- 在创伤患者中确定与被机动车撞到的行人 (PSMV) 相关的风险因素.
- 分析不同年龄组 (儿童,青少年,成年人,老年人) 中PSMV的比较风险.
主要方法:
- 利用了2017-2021创伤质量改善计划数据库,用于重创伤患者.
- 将被车辆撞击的行人 (PSMV) 与经历其他重创伤机制的患者进行了比较.
- 进行多变量后勤回归以确定PSMV和年龄相关风险差异的预测因素.
主要成果:
- 在超过470万重创伤患者中,3.7%是PSMV,肺损伤,肋骨骨折和整体并发症的发生率更高.
- 药物使用障碍 (OR 2.13) 和酒精使用障碍 (OR 1.21) 是PSMV最强的独立风险因素.
- 与成人患者相比,儿童 (OR 0.87) 和老年患者 (OR 0.36) 患PSMV的可能性较小.
结论:
- 药物使用障碍和精神疾病是PSMV的重要预测因素,挑战了关于弱势群体的传统假设.
- 在儿童和老年人中PSMV的发病率较低,因此需要重新评估预防策略.
- 与PSMV相关的并发症和死亡率的增加强调了加强行人和驾驶员意识和初级预防倡议的迫切需要.
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