国际气候适应援助:评估瑞士的公共支持
Liliana Andonova1, Agnese Zucca1, Simon Montfort2
1Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
PloS one
|February 12, 2025
概括
在瑞士,对气候援助计划的公共支持受到超出援助规模的因素的影响. 随着越来越多的气候移民,支持率下降,但随着更强大的贸易和联合国投票一致,支持率增加,并指出了特定国家的偏好.
科学领域:
- 环境政策与经济环境政策与经济
- 国际关系与气候外交
- 公众论和行为科学
背景情况:
- 低收入国家不成比例地面临气候变化影响,尽管排放量较低.
- 高收入国家,主要的排放国,提供气候援助包,包括援助和移民政策.
- 了解公共支持对于有效实施气候政策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估瑞士对国际气候援助方案的公共支持.
- 确定这些套餐的哪些属性最能影响公众论.
- 探索国家特有的偏好和移民对支持的影响.
主要方法:
- 采用了与瑞士受访者进行的调查嵌入式联合实验.
- 根据六个组合属性评估支持:受援国,援助量,移民人数,极端天气事件,贸易关系和联合国投票记录.
- 分析了意识形态,信仰和过去记录对政策支持的影响.
主要成果:
- 瑞士受访者对双边气候援助的数量表示漠不关心.
- 随着气候移民人数的增加,对气候援助计划的支持大幅下降.
- 强有力的贸易关系和一致的联合国安理会投票记录的国家的公众支持率更高.
- 显而易见的国家偏好出现了:支持菲律宾,反对阿尔及利亚,对肯尼亚和孟加拉国漠不关心.
结论:
- 公众对气候援助的支持是复杂的,是由人道主义援助以外的因素驱动的.
- 对国际移民的担忧似乎是气候政策支持的重要威因素.
- 经济和政治对齐 (贸易和联合国投票) 积极影响公众对气候援助方案的接受.
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