通过现实世界的数据和健康的社会决定因素来识别青少年抑郁和焦虑:机器学习模型开发和验证
Mamoun T Mardini1, Georges E Khalil1, Chen Bai1
1Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 7th Floor, Suite 7000, 1889 Museum Rd, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States, 1 7049045847.
JMIR mental health
|February 12, 2025
概括
机器学习模型有效地使用现实数据识别青少年抑郁和焦虑. 这种方法有助于早期发现和干预,改善年轻人的心理健康结果.
科学领域:
- 青少年心理健康研究研究
- 机器学习在医疗保健中的应用.
- 公共卫生信息学 公共卫生信息学
背景情况:
- 青少年抑郁症和焦虑症的患病率越来越高.
- 有限的机器学习模型利用现实世界数据 (RWD) 进行早期检测.
- 需要加强青少年心理健康的干预策略.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估用于识别青少年抑郁和焦虑的机器学习模型.
- 利用现实世界的数据 (RWD) 和健康的社会决定因素 (SDoH) 来进行预测.
- 评估SDoH对模型性能的影响.
主要方法:
- 对10-17岁青少年的RWD分析.
- 对焦虑,抑郁和综合疾病的极端梯度增强 (XGBoost) 模型的开发.
- 嵌套交叉验证用于性能评估和Shapley添加式解释解释.
主要成果:
- 模型实现了高预测性能 (焦虑的AUC为0.80,抑郁的0.81,两者的0.78).
- 排除SDoH数据对模型准确性的影响很小.
- 关键预测因素包括性别,种族,教育和病史.
结论:
- 机器学习对使用RWD早期识别青少年心理健康状况具有重大潜力.
- 由RWD驱动的ML工具可以使医疗保健提供者能够及时进行干预.
- 改进的识别可以导致青少年更好的心理健康结果.
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