对精神分裂症谱系障碍中执行功能和内在语言的实验和计算调查
Giovanni Granato1, Raffaele Costanzo2, Anna Borghi3,4
1Laboratory of Embodied Natural and Artificial Intelligence, Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy. giovanni.granato@istc.cnr.it.
Scientific reports
|February 12, 2025
概括
内在语言 (IS) 对精神分裂症谱系障碍 (SSD) 的认知灵活性产生影响. 计算建模揭示了不同的SSD子组,其中一些受益于针对干扰IS的定制干预.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 计算精神病学是一种计算精神病学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 灵活的目标导向认知依赖于操纵表示,包括内在语言 (IS).
- 精神分裂症谱系障碍 (SSD) 与执行功能 (EF) 的受损以及潜在的IS变化有关.
- 缺乏计算模型阻碍了对SSDIS的理解和治疗干预.
研究的目的:
- 整合临床数据,机器学习和计算建模,以评估IS在SSD中的作用.
- 在SSD群体中识别不同的神经心理特征.
- 模拟针对特定SSD亚群的基于IS的干预措施.
主要方法:
- 对162名SSD患者和108名健康对照进行了威斯康星州卡片分类测试 (WCST).
- 利用数据驱动的集群算法来分析行为数据和识别神经心理资料.
- 采用WCST的验证计算模型来模拟内在语音 (IS) 干预.
主要成果:
- 确定了不同的SSD亚群,具有不同的神经心理特征,与全球趋势有所不同.
- 一个子组 ("相对完好") 表现出分心/推理失败,与其他人的坚持/刚性概况不同.
- 在大多数SSD子组中,干扰IS显著影响了认知,但"相对完好"组没有.
结论:
- SSD亚群需要根据特定的神经心理特征和IS影响进行个性化干预.
- 结果支持定义不同的神经心理特征和干扰IS在SSD中的作用.
- 这些发现对认知神经科学的基础研究和心理学和精神病学的临床应用有影响.
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