通过改性宿主蛋白复合体激活平衡的植物辅助NLR
Shijia Huang1,2, Junli Wang3, Ridan Song4
1Research Center for Industries of the Future and School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.
Nature
|February 12, 2025
概括
植物免疫受体,核酸结合丰富的重复受体 (NLR),感知病原体. 这项研究揭示了EDS1-SAG101复合物如何激活NRG1A以及NRG1C如何抑制这种植物免疫路径.
科学领域:
- 植物免疫力
- 分子生物学
- 结构生物学
背景情况:
- 核酸结合丰富的重复受体 (NLR) 是植物免疫的关键调节者,检测病原体效应物.
- 在Arabidopsis中,传感器NLRs充当NADase,产生触发免疫信号的第二信使.
- 增强疾病易感性1 (EDS1) - 老化相关基因101 (SAG101) 复合体识别了这些第二信使以激活下游组件.
研究的目的:
- 阐明EDS1-SAG101复合体激活NRG1A的结构基础.
- 了解NRG1C抑制植物免疫反应的机制.
- 揭示控制植物免疫通路的激活和限制的分子相互作用.
主要方法:
- 用冷电子显微镜 (cryo-EM) 确定EDS1-SAG101-NRG1A复合物的结构.
- 结构比较以确定第二次信使结合时的形状变化.
- 生物化学测试以评估EDS1-SAG101,NRG1A和NRG1C之间的结合相互作用.
主要成果:
- 化EM显示激活的EDS1-SAG101结合了NRG1A的富含白的重复域,形成了一个稳定的复合体.
- 第二个信使结合诱导EDS1-SAG101的构造变化,这些变化被NRG1A识别,导致其全激活.
- 抑制性NRG1C蛋白与NRG1A在与激活的EDS1-SAG101结合方面进行竞争,从而有效地隔离了该复合体.
结论:
- 该研究通过识别修饰EDS1-SAG101复合体来发现NRG1A激活的机制.
- 通过对EDS1-SAG101的竞争性结合,NRG1C通过阻止NRG1A的激活来抑制免疫反应.
- 这些发现为植物免疫信号通路的调节提供了关键的见解.
相关概念视频
01:25Cell Signaling in Plants
5.6K
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
5.6K
01:45Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting
2.4K
Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
2.4K
02:36RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
9.1K
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
9.1K
02:39lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
8.5K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
8.5K
01:46Nuclear Localization Signals and Import
5.5K
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry short stretches of amino acid sequences called the nuclear localization signal or NLS. Classical nuclear localization signals are of two types: monopartite and bipartite NLS. Monopartite classical NLS (cNLS) consists of a single cluster of 4-8 amino acids. Bipartite cNLS consists of two clusters of 2-3 amino acids and a 9-12 residue long proline-rich linker bridging the two clusters. Signal clusters are rich in positively charged amino acids such as...
5.5K
01:57Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts
2.5K
Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order...
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order...
2.5K