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应用健康行动过程方法模型来促进伊朗老年人牙刷行为:一个集群随机对照试验
Fatemeh Moghaddam1,2, Katayoun Sargeran3,4, Mahdia Gholami1,2
1Research Centre for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
使用健康行动过程方法 (HAPA) 模式为老年人提供口腔健康教育,无论是牙医还是卫生官员提供,都被证明同样有效. 这两种干预措施都显著改善了老年人群的口腔卫生.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 口腔健康 口腔健康
背景情况:
- 老年人口腔健康是多学科护理团队的一个关键目标.
- 口腔健康教育计划可以改善老年人的口腔卫生.
- 卫生行动过程方法 (HAPA) 模型为行为改变干预提供了一个框架.
研究的目的:
- 基于HAPA模型的口腔健康教育计划在老年人中由牙医与卫生官员交付时的有效性进行比较.
- 评估基于HAPA模型的干预对老年人牙刷频率和口腔卫生状况 (OHI-S) 的影响.
主要方法:
- 一个集群随机对照试验与伊朗德黑兰的190名老年居民进行.
- 参与者通过HAPA模型获得口腔健康教育,由牙医或卫生官员提供,并补充了教育小册子.
- 牙刷行为和OHI-S在基线和干预后1个月和3个月被评估,使用面对面采访和口腔检查.
主要成果:
- 在1个月或3个月后,牙医领导的组和卫生官员领导的组之间,牙刷频率没有显著差异.
- 两组都显示牙刷频率显著增加 (p < 0.001).
- 两组之间没有观察到OHI-S得分的显著差异,但两项干预都导致口腔卫生的统计学上显著改善 (p < 0.001).
结论:
- 使用HAPA模型的口腔健康教育干预措施在由牙医或市政中心的卫生官员进行时同样有效.
- 这两种干预方法都成功地促进了老年人口腔卫生状况.
- 这些基于HAPA模型的口腔健康干预措施可以整合到现有的老年人公共卫生计划中.
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