参与澳大利亚赛事的超级马拉松选手的饮食质量:一项跨部分探索性研究
Joel C Craddock1, Gabriel Walker1, Michael Chapman2
1School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia.
Nutrients
|February 13, 2025
概括
超级马拉松跑者经常有不理想的饮食,尽管满足了蛋白质需求,但水果,蔬菜和全谷物摄入量很低. 这可能会影响表现和健康.
科学领域:
- 运动营养 运动营养
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 饮食评估 饮食评估
背景情况:
- 超级马拉松跑者面临极端的身体和代谢需求.
- 战略营养对于支持耐力运动员的训练,表现和恢复至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估澳大利亚超级马拉松选手的饮食质量和营养摄入量.
- 在这个运动群体中识别潜在的营养缺陷和过量.
主要方法:
- 在高峰和低峰训练阶段,通过"Easy Diet Diary"应用程序收集了为期3天的食物日记.
- 使用AUSNUT 2011-2013数据和Foodworks软件分析了营养素摄入量.
- 用澳大利亚人的健康饮食指数 (HEIFA-2013) 评估饮食质量.
主要成果:
- 跑步者符合蛋白质建议,但碳水化合物摄入量不足,总脂肪摄入量过多.
- 平均HEIFA-2013得分为63.1/100,表明适度遵守饮食指南.
- 观察到不充分的水果,蔬菜和全谷物消费.
结论:
- 超级马拉松跑步者尽管有较高的体力活动水平,但可能会吃不到最佳饮食.
- 缺乏核心食物组的摄入量和过多的自由选择性物品可能会增加慢性疾病的风险并影响表现.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解超马拉松选手的具体营养需求.
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