可生物降解的热塑性材料用于制造没有合成聚合物的袋子
Denisa Nicoleta Airinei1, Cristina Modrogan1, Oanamari Daniela Orbuleț1
1Department of Analytical Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1-7 Gheorghe Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
这项研究开发了由粉,PLA和糖醇制成的可生物降解的塑料袋. 新的可堆肥袋在三个月内在土壤中降解,与传统的聚乙烯袋不同.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
背景情况:
- 不易降解的塑料袋对持续的环境污染作出了重大贡献.
- 传统的塑料可以持续数个世纪,从而带来长期的生态风险.
- 对于不可降解塑料的可持续替代品有着至关重要的需求.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估可生物降解和可堆肥的塑料袋作为传统塑料袋的替代品.
- 从粉,聚乳酸 (PLA) 和糖醇合成新型热塑性材料.
- 为了提高材料的性能,使用矿物添加剂,如石粉.
主要方法:
- 使用融化流量指数 (MFI),里埃变换红外光谱 (FTIR),热重力测量分析 (TGA) 和差分扫描热量测量 (DSC) 的材料表征.
- 通过两种土壤类型的土壤埋葬试验进行生物降解性评估.
- 使用扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 进行表面形态分析.
- 与传统的聚乙烯袋进行比较.
主要成果:
- 确定了两种有前途的成分,用于生产颗粒状材料.
- 在土壤中三个月后,合成材料表现出显著的降解.
- 在同一时期之后,聚乙烯对照样本保持完整.
- SEM分析证实了材料的降解和适合堆肥.
结论:
- 开发的热塑性材料符合欧洲EN13432/2002标准的可堆肥和可生物降解包装.
- 这些新材料为不可降解的塑料袋提供了一个可行的,环保的替代品.
- 这项研究有助于减少塑料垃圾和减轻污染.
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