大种子的适应性反应跨越多样化的印度气候
Ashok Kumar Parihar1, Kali Krishna Hazra1, Amrit Lamichaney1
1ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, 208024, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Heliyon
|February 13, 2025
概括
环境因素在印度显著影响大种豆产量. 育种计划应侧重于特定区域的方法和稳定的表象学,以获得更好的适应性和产量.
科学领域:
- 农学和作物科学 农学和作物科学
- 植物育种 植物育种
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 有效的作物育种需要了解植物对各种环境的反应.
- 对印度气候条件下的大种的表现的洞察力是有限的.
- 基因型与环境的相互作用 (GEI) 对于优化育种策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估印度多样化的气候条件对大种的表态和产量的影响.
- 为了确定GEI,确定大型环境,并确定理想的试验地点,用于种育种计划.
- 通过数据驱动的洞察力提高国家育种计划的效率.
主要方法:
- 在印度的三个农业气候区 (NHZ,NWPZ,CZ) 进行了各种大种子豆基因型的实地试验.
- 对现象特征 (开花,成熟,繁殖期) 和产量组件 (谷物产量,100种子重量) 的分析.
- 统计分析包括逐步回归和GGE双图 ("谁在哪里获胜") 以确定关键的环境因素和巨型环境.
主要成果:
- 在各种环境中观察到现象学和产量特征的显著变化.
- 环境因素 (58%) 是收益率变化的主要驱动因素,其次是GEI (28%).
- 低温和累积热量单位对产量产生了负面影响;确定了最大产量的最佳种子重量.
- 确定了两个不同的大型环境,并指定了特定地点作为"理想"的测试场所.
结论:
- 环境因素对印度大种豆的生产率有深远的影响.
- 为特定的大型环境量身定制的区域特定的育种方法是必不可少的.
- 专注于现象稳定性 (光热不敏感性) 和种子特征可以提高适应性和产量稳定性.
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