通过在低收入和中等收入国家有效的医院废水管理来缓解抗菌素耐药性
Yaovi Mahuton Gildas Hounmanou1,2, Adonias Houefonde2,
1Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Frontiers in public health
|February 13, 2025
概括
医院废水在低收入国家造成公共卫生风险,原因是抗生素耐药的细菌和基因. 有效的现场治疗和监测对于防止抗菌素耐药性传播至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 医院废水 (HWW) 含有大量的污染物,如抗生素耐药细菌 (ARB) 和基因 (ARG).
- 在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs),未经处理的HWW灌作物增加了人类对这些耐药元素的暴露.
- 在LMICs中现有的HWW治疗往往无法去除ARB和ARG,从而导致抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 的传播.
研究的目的:
- 突出LMIC中HWW对环境和公共健康的威胁.
- 强调当前的HWW处理系统在LMIC中对于AMR控制的不足.
- 倡导改进HWW管理策略,专注于减少AMR.
主要方法:
- 本视角审查了现有文献,并确定了在LMICs中HWW治疗和AMR监测的差距.
- 它分析了与未经处理的HWW相关的风险,并提出了针对性的干预措施.
- 该研究强调了政策变革和技术进步的必要性.
主要成果:
- 高温水是ARB和ARG的主要来源,加剧了全球AMR危机.
- 目前在LMICs的HWW管理不足以控制耐药性的传播.
- 未经处理的HWW通过受污染的食物来源对人类健康造成直接和间接风险.
结论:
- 对于在LMICs实施可扩展,具有成本效益的现场HWW处理系统的范式转变至关重要.
- 为了有效地去除ARB和ARG,需要强大的AMR监测协议和适应环境的技术.
- 以政策为导向的战略和地方监管框架对于制来自高温水的AMR扩散和保护公共健康至关重要.
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