晚期发作的无法解释的发作与认知障碍和较低的杏仁体体积有关
Rani A Sarkis1, Janet Orozco1, Hernan Nicolas Lemus1
1Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Brain communications
|February 13, 2025
概括
晚发性不明原因与认知障碍有关,特别是在口头记忆和处理速度方面. 这项研究发现,与对照组相比,患者的杏仁体和白质体积减少,突出显示杏仁体.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 晚发性 (LOE) 与加速的认知衰退和痴呆风险增加有关.
- 了解无法解释的LOE的认知特征和潜在机制对于早期干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述晚发性不明原因患者的认知特征.
- 将这些患者的MRI发现与健康对照进行比较,以阐明疾病机制.
- 研究认知障碍,特征和神经成像发现之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在发作发作后5年内,对新发作的不明原因 (年龄≥55) 的参与者进行前性招募.
- 神经心理测试用于评估认知功能,包括临床前阿尔茨海默症认知复合物,口头回忆,处理速度和执行功能.
- 对海马体,杏仁体和白质超强度的MRI体积分析,与哈佛老年大脑研究中的健康对照相比.
- 对LOE的参与者进行24小时EEG记录.
主要成果:
- 患有LOE的个体表现出认知功能受损,特别是语言回忆延迟 (23.2%) 和处理速度 (15.6%).
- 在17%的LOE参与者中诊断出轻度认知障碍;耐药性与较高的认知障碍率相关 (50%vs. 9%).
- 与对照组相比,LOE患者表现出左下和右下杏仁体积,白质体积减少,海马体积没有差异. 脑电图显示了49%的形异常,主要在左叶.
结论:
- 晚期发作的不明原因与显著的认知障碍有关,特别是口头记忆缺陷和叶功能障碍.
- 在LOE患者中,杏仁体和白质体积的减少表明这些结构在疾病过程中早期参与.
- 控制发作很重要,因为耐药性与更高的认知障碍相关,强调需要有效的管理,以潜在地减轻认知衰退.
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