机器学习方法用于识别错位手术使用医疗保险和医疗补助服务中心的数据集:开发和验证研究研究
Yuan-Hsin Chen1, Ching-Hsuan Lin2, Chiao-Hsin Fan3
1Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
JMIR formative research
|February 13, 2025
概括
机器学习模型可以通过识别手术文档中的不一致性来检测错位手术错误. 这种协会突出的模式 (AOP) 模型在标记横向差异方面表现出高准确性,提高了患者的安全性.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学医学信息学
- 机器学习在医疗保健中的应用
- 外科手术的安全性
背景情况:
- 错误部位手术 (WSS) 是一种可预防的医疗错误,对患者造成严重后果.
- 报告不足和文档不一致性阻碍了WSS预防工作.
- 机器学习 (ML) 在识别医疗错误,包括药物错误方面表现有前途.
研究的目的:
- 评估ML模型的有效性和可转移性,以检测手术文档不一致性.
- 具体评估模型在外科手术和诊断中识别横向差异的能力.
主要方法:
- 使用的医疗保险和医疗补助服务中心有限数据集 (CMS-LDS) 索赔数据 (2017-2020年).
- 开发并调整了一个协会异常模式 (AOP) ML模型,以检测不寻常的程序诊断组合,重点关注横向性.
- 在2017-2019年的数据上训练模型,并使用ICD-10-PCS代码进行横向性验证,对2020年的骨科手术进行了测试.
主要成果:
- 在分析的346,382个索赔中,确定了2170个索赔具有显著的横向差异.
- 临床审查证实超过50%的发现差异是实际错误 (例如,左手术/右诊断).
- AOP模型标记了许多潜在的错误,超过80%的错误被临床审查证实,超过了基于规则的方法.
结论:
- 该AOP ML模型有效地检测到索赔数据中的外科手术程序诊断不一致性,特别是横向性错误.
- 该模型表现出高精度和可转移性,优于传统的基于规则的方法.
- 这种方法通过改善手术错误的识别和帮助临床决策,提高了患者的安全性.
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