动物生理学国际研讨会:整合我们对压力生理学的理解
E A Horst1, E J Mayorga2, L H Baumgard2
1Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN 46140.
Journal of dairy science
|February 13, 2025
概括
热应激和其他压力因素通过破坏胃肠道 (GIT) 屏障来损害农场动物的生产力. 这导致炎症和保存的代谢变化,影响动物的健康和利能力.
科学领域:
- 动物科学 动物科学
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 无生物应激因素,特别是热应激 (HS),显著降低了农场动物的生产力和利能力.
- 传统上,HS期间的低最佳产量归因于减少的料摄入量,但HS影响了许多独立于饮食的生理系统.
- 各种压力因素的生物后果在不同类型的挑战中得到了显著的保存.
研究的目的:
- 探索压力对农场动物生产力的广泛影响.
- 确定胃肠道 (GIT) 屏障作为压力诱导病理的病因中心.
- 阐明各种压力因素对保存的代谢,生理和免疫反应.
主要方法:
- 对农场动物热应激和其他非生物/非生物压力因素的现有文献的审查.
- 对内分泌,生理,代谢,循环和免疫变化的分析.
- 检查胃肠道屏障功能和免疫激活的作用.
主要成果:
- 热应激和其他压力因素会损害胃肠道 (GIT) 屏障,导致全身炎症.
- 激活的免疫反应引发了显著的代谢转变,使免疫细胞优先考虑葡萄糖.
- 在各种压力因素中观察到保持的激素特征 (胰岛素,皮质醇,益乳素) 和肌肉和脂肪组织中的胰岛素抵抗.
- 压力通过巨细胞脱粒和氧化应激影响GIT表皮,促进病原体的殖民.
结论:
- 受损的GIT屏障是农场动物中各种压力因素的中心病理部位.
- 压力引起的炎症和保存的代谢调整显著损害了动物的生产力.
- 了解GIT的作用为减轻各种压力因素对农场动物的负面影响提供了基础.
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