暴露与胰岛素耐药性和β细胞功能在中年和老年人中的差异关联
Zulema Rodriguez-Hernandez1,2,3,4, Javier Bel-Aguilar5, Belen Moreno-Franco6,7,8
1Integrative Epidemiology Group, Department of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
Nutrition & diabetes
|February 13, 2025
概括
高血水平与中年成人胰岛素抵抗和β细胞功能增加有关,但与老年人无关. 这表明是.
科学领域:
- 营养生物化学和新陈代谢
- 内分泌学和代谢性疾病.
- 老龄化和与年龄相关的疾病.
背景情况:
- 是一种必不可少的微量元素,具有抗氧化特性.
- 与伴随疾病和β细胞功能的与年龄相关的变化可能会影响在代谢健康中的作用.
- 了解对不同年龄组的胰岛素耐药性和β细胞功能的影响,对于代谢健康管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究血水平在糖尿病前期风险,特别是胰岛素耐药性和β细胞功能的差异作用,在中老年人和老年人中.
- 评估和代谢参数之间的特定年龄关联,考虑到可能与年龄相关的β细胞功能下降.
主要方法:
- 在两个独立的队列 (AWHS和SEN-2) 中,对血度的横截面分析和对胰岛素耐药性 (HOMA-IR) 和β细胞功能 (HOMA-β) 的同源模式评估.
- 在从AWHS和SEN-2获得的子样本中使用重复测量葡萄糖和胰岛素的纵向分析.
- 在中年和老年人中,在一个大型的,具有全国代表性的数据集 (NHANES) 中验证横截面发现.
主要成果:
- 血增加与中年成人 (AWHS) 的高HOMA-IR和HOMA-β相关.
- 在老年人 (SEN-2) 中,相关性较少明显或不存在,在NHANES老年人中观察到含量>~150μg/L的平原.
- 纵向数据证实了年轻参与者的高和HOMA终点之间的积极关联,但在老年人中没有.
结论:
- 血含量升高与中年人的胰岛素耐药性增加和补偿性β细胞功能有关.
- 这种补偿能力似乎在老年人中减弱,这表明对代谢调节的年龄相关影响.
- 这些发现强调了考虑到在代谢健康和糖尿病前期发育中的作用的背景下考虑年龄的重要性.
相关概念视频
Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer
21
Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
21
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
498
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
498
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
2.1K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.1K
Carbohydrate Metabolism
10.7K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
10.7K
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
2.4K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
2.4K
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects
139
Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
139


