影响固体废物管理实践和挑战的因素在埃塞俄比亚西北部阿维行政区
Belsti Atnkut1, Atalaye Nigussie2, Bulti Kumera1
1Biology Department, College of Natural and Computational Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia.
BioMed research international
|February 14, 2025
概括
埃塞俄比亚的固体废物管理
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 废物管理 废物管理
背景情况:
- 有效的固体废物管理对于公共卫生和环境保护至关重要,特别是在埃塞俄比亚等发展中国家.
- 不当的废物处理对生态系统和人类福祉构成重大风险.
研究的目的:
- 评估埃塞俄比亚阿维行政区目前的固体废物管理做法.
- 确定影响这些实践的关键因素.
主要方法:
- 一个基于社区的横截面研究,利用描述性统计和物流回归.
- 数据通过两阶段采样在英吉巴拉,丹吉拉和查尼城镇的调查收集.
- 对人均废物产生率和废物成分的分析.
主要成果:
- 人均废物产生率从0.443到0.487公斤/人/天不等.
- 家庭垃圾主要包括可生物降解和不可生物降解材料.
- 只有40.6%的家庭有门到门收集;许多人不适当地处理废物 (河边,路边).
- 年龄,收入和意识等因素与不当的废物管理有显著的相关性.
结论:
- 该研究表明,阿维行政区的固体废物管理表现不佳.
- 收集系统不足,露天焚烧,垃圾填埋场条件差,社区意识低,这些都加剧了这个问题.
- 可持续的解决方案需要改进收集,更好地选择垃圾填埋场和社区参与.
相关概念视频
01:24Factors Affecting Workability
66
The workability of concrete is a critical characteristic that influences the ease of mixing, handling, and finishing the concrete. It is affected by several factors including water content, aggregate properties, and admixtures like air entrainment. Water plays a fundamental role as it lubricates the concrete mix, facilitating easier movement and placement. However, the water requirement varies depending on the texture and shape of aggregates. Finer particles and angular, rough-textured...
66
01:28Factors Affecting Creep
108
In normal-weight aggregate concrete, the hardened cement paste is the primary contributor to creep, whereas the aggregates, being stiffer than the cement paste, are more resilient to stress-induced deformation. The stiffness of the aggregates is defined by their modulus of elasticity, and the more voluminous they are in the concrete, the less it will creep.
Further, the water/cement ratio is critical, as a lower ratio increases concrete strength, thus reducing creep. The strength of the...
Further, the water/cement ratio is critical, as a lower ratio increases concrete strength, thus reducing creep. The strength of the...
108
01:14Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability
68
This example deals with managing the workability of concrete for a raft foundation project under hot weather conditions. Workability is crucial for ensuring the concrete is easy to place, compact, and finish. In this scenario, a slump test — a common method to measure the workability of fresh concrete — initially indicated low workability. This was attributed to the rapid water loss from the concrete mix, exacerbated by the high temperatures causing the course aggregates to heat up.
68
01:28International Nursing Organizations II
948
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations based in Geneva. The WHO has many initiatives that center around health. Primarily, they lead global efforts to expand universal health coverage using science-based policies and programs. They are also responsible for shaping health research agendas and developing norms and standards.
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...
948
01:26Design Example: Sustainability in Concrete Building
153
As the construction industry moves towards more eco-friendly practices, concrete's adaptability and its ability to incorporate sustainable features make it a key material in the drive towards greener building solutions.
There are multiple approaches to achieve sustainability in a commercial concrete building. For instance, construct a concrete parking area under the building, utilizing pervious concrete paver blocks in open areas to facilitate rainwater collection through an underground...
There are multiple approaches to achieve sustainability in a commercial concrete building. For instance, construct a concrete parking area under the building, utilizing pervious concrete paver blocks in open areas to facilitate rainwater collection through an underground...
153