巴西的先天性异常,2010年至2022年
Julia A Gomes1, Augusto C Cardoso-Dos-Santos2, João M Bremm1
1Department of Epidemiological Analysis and Surveillance of Noncommunicable Diseases Secretariat of Health and Environmental Surveillance Ministry of Health Brasília Brazil Department of Epidemiological Analysis and Surveillance of Noncommunicable Diseases, Secretariat of Health and Environmental Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Brasília, Brazil.
概括
在巴西,先天性异常影响大约1%的出生,肢体和心脏缺陷是最常见的. 这些疾病显著导致胎儿和婴儿死亡率,强调了改善预防和护理的必要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 在巴西,先天性异常是严重的公共卫生问题,对婴儿发病率和死亡率做出了重大贡献.
- 了解这些异常的发生率和结果对于制定有效的公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述与巴西先天性异常相关的患病率和主要结果.
- 从2010年到2022年分析先天性异常发生率和死亡率的趋势.
主要方法:
- 一项描述性研究利用来自巴西活产信息系统 (Sinasc) 和巴西死亡信息系统 (SIM) 的数据.
- 分析涵盖了2010年至2022年的活产,检查了患病率,相关风险因素和死亡率.
主要成果:
- 大约1%的出生 (83/10,000) 有先天性异常,肢体缺陷 (26/10,000),心脏缺陷 (11/10,000) 和口腔裂 (7/10,000) 是最常见的.
- 在早产婴儿,具有低阿帕格分数或低出生体重的婴儿以及35岁以上的母亲生下的婴儿,有流产史或多胎妊娠的婴儿中观察到更高的患病率.
- 先天性异常占胎儿死亡的6%和婴儿死亡的22%,神经管缺陷是胎儿死亡的主要原因和婴儿死亡的心脏缺陷.
结论:
- 该研究强调了先天性异常对巴西婴儿死亡率的重大影响.
- 需要加强监测系统,实施预防措施,并确保对受影响个体提供足够的护理.
- 持续的监测和研究对于减少巴西人口中先天性异常的负担至关重要.
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