在两种不同大小的彩虹鱼 (Oncorhynchus) (mykiss) 之间利用可消化的宏观营养素的差异
Ruben Groot1,2, Philip Lyons2, Johan W Schrama1
1Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Wageningen Institute of Animal Sciences (WIAS), Wageningen University, PO Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui)
|February 14, 2025
概括
鱼类的大小显著影响彩虹鱼如何利用可消化的蛋白质,脂肪和碳水化合物作为能量. 与较小的鱼相比,较大的鱼显示脂肪利用效率降低,碳水化合物利用效率提高.
科学领域:
- 水产养殖营养水产养殖营养
- 鱼类生理学 鱼类生理学
- 动物科学动物科学
背景情况:
- 准确估计营养利用对于制定具有成本效益和可持续的水产料至关重要.
- 彩虹鱼 (Oncorhynchus mykiss) 的生长表现受饮食成分和鱼类大小的影响.
- 了解不同鱼类大小的宏观营养素利用效率对于优化料配方至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究彩虹鱼大小对可消化蛋白质,脂肪和碳水化合物的利用效率的影响,以获得能量.
- 为不同的彩虹鱼大小类建立特定的净能量 (NE) 公式.
- 确定可消化的蛋白质,脂肪和碳水化合物的部分效率,用于不同大小的彩虹鱼的净能量积累.
主要方法:
- 使用四种不同的饮食,对彩虹鱼的两个大小类 (30-75g和92-214g) 的养试验.
- 对于每种饮食和大小类别,应用了三种养水平,最终产生了24个治疗组.
- 进行了便分析以检测营养消化能力和全身成分分析以检测能量保留,随后进行了多重回归分析.
主要成果:
- 在彩虹鱼的两个大小类别之间,净能量 (NE) 公式和宏观营养素利用效率有所不同.
- 可消化的蛋白质对NE (k_gNE,CP) 的部分效率在不同尺寸中相似 (平均为76%).
- 对于NE (k_gNE,Fat) 的可消化脂肪的部分效率在较大的鱼类中显著下降 (82%至65%),而对于NE (k_gNE,Carb) 的可消化碳水化合物则倾向于增加 (55%至73%).
结论:
- 鱼类大小是影响彩虹鱼料净能量的估计的一个重要因素.
- 为了优化料配方,对于不同大小类的彩虹鱼来说,需要特定的NE配方和利用效率.
- 这些发现有助于更精确的料开发,潜在地改善生长和减少水产养殖中的浪费.
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