可控性和可预见性在儿童反事实情绪中的作用
Alicia K Jones1, Shalini Gautam1,2, Jonathan Redshaw1
1School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Child development
|February 14, 2025
概括
8岁以下的儿童将注意力集中在负面事件的无法控制的方面. 这种倾向于专注于可控制的决策因素的倾向,在儿童发育的晚期出现.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 情绪发展 情绪发展
背景情况:
- 像遗憾这样的反事实情绪可以通过突出可控的过去事件来改善未来的决策.
- 关注可控与不可控事件特征的发展轨迹尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查儿童在经历反事实情绪时,何时开始优先关注过去事件的可控制特征.
- 检查儿童的情绪反应转向负面结果的可控方面的年龄.
主要方法:
- 两项涉及336名澳大利亚4-9岁儿童的研究.
- 孩子们完成了具有积极或负面个人结果的任务.
- 参与者报告了与这些事件的可控和不可控方面相关的情绪.
主要成果:
- 较年轻的孩子 (8岁以下) 报告说,他们对负面事件的无法控制或不可预见的方面感到更悲伤.
- 8-9岁的孩子越来越多地报告了对可控制或可预见的方面更强烈的悲伤.
- 这表明对个人事件的情感关注的发展转变.
结论:
- 倾向于专注于功能性的反事实,强调可控制的元素,在儿童时期相对晚些时候出现.
- 儿童早期对负面事件的情绪反应优先考虑无法控制的因素.
- 了解这种发育转变对于认知和情绪发展研究至关重要.
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