通过2,4-Diamino-1,6-dihydro-1,3,5-triazines扩大双重作用抗叶酸抗菌剂的风景
John D Georgiades1, Daniel A Berkovich2, Samuel R McKee3
1Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States.
ACS infectious diseases
|February 14, 2025
概括
新的双重作用抗叶剂,或DADHTs,提供了对抗抗生素耐药性的有希望的策略. 这些化合物抑制二叶酸减少酶 (DHFR),破坏细菌膜,对具有挑战性的病原体表现出广泛的活性.
科学领域:
- 药用化学 医学化学
- 发现抗微生物药物 发现抗微生物药物
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 抗生素耐药性需要新的治疗策略,包括具有多种作用机制的药物.
- 以pyrroloquinazolinediamine核心为基础的双重作用抗叶剂以前已经显示出对没有耐药性发展的细菌病原体的有效性.
研究的目的:
- 将2,4-氨-1,6-二-1,3,5-三 (DADHT) 支架重新用于针对细菌二叶酸减少酶 (DHFR) 和细菌膜的双重作用抗叶剂.
- 研究DADHT衍生物的结构-活性关系,以优化双机制抗菌活性.
主要方法:
- 合成DADHT衍生物与修改在dihydrotriazine支架上的变化.
- 进行X射线晶体学以确定DADHTs与大肠杆菌DHFR的结合方式.
- 在体外酶抑制测定对净化的大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌 DHFR.
- 使用大肠杆菌进行细菌膜破坏测试.
主要成果:
- DADHT衍生物旨在抑制DHFR并破坏细菌膜,对结核菌菌,菌菌和Pseudomonas aeruginosa表现出活性.
- X射线结晶学显示,一些DADHTs与大肠杆菌DHFR结合在一个封闭的形状中,稳定了一个新的酶状态.
- 在dihydrotriazine的6位基替代优化了DHFR抑制和膜破坏机制.
结论:
- 双机制的DADHTs代表了一种新的抗叶酸类,其活动范围超出了传统抗叶酸的范围.
- DADHT支架有效地结合了DHFR抑制和膜破坏,提供了一种有希望的方法来对抗难以治疗的细菌感染和克服耐药性.
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