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Published on: November 11, 2014
新生儿疫苗接种趋势:在一个大型分娩中心进行了一项为期十年的回顾性研究
Maria Laura Mourão1,2,3, Adrian Baca-Arzaga1,2, Marianna Castellanos1,2
1From the Department of Neonatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.
The Pediatric infectious disease journal
|February 14, 2025
概括
新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 的婴儿不太可能及时接种乙型肝炎疫苗 (HBV) 和肺炎球菌联合疫苗 (PCV) 剂量. 早产婴儿和黑人/非洲裔美国人种族与延迟HBV疫苗接种有关,突出了早期免疫接种的差异.
科学领域:
- 新生儿护理 新生儿护理
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 新生儿面临疫苗可预防疾病的重大风险.
- 建议在生命早期使用乙型肝炎疫苗 (HBV) 和肺炎球菌合疫苗 (PCV).
- 疫苗接种计划的不理想遵守导致婴儿免疫不完整或延迟.
研究的目的:
- 检查婴儿HBV和PCV疫苗接种率和及时性.
- 确定不同婴儿护理环境中与疫苗接种状况相关的因素.
- 分析10年时间内的趋势.
主要方法:
- 一个10年的回顾性,单中心的观察性研究.
- 包括来自母婴病房和新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 的婴儿.
- 多项逻辑回归用于分析疫苗接种状况因素.
主要成果:
- 与母婴单位相比,NICU中的婴儿延迟HBV疫苗接种率更高.
- 与延迟HBV疫苗接种相关的因素包括COVID前的时代,早产,高出生体重 (BW) 和黑人/非洲裔美国人种族.
- 西班牙裔婴儿在出院时更有可能接受不完整的PCV疫苗接种.
结论:
- 疫情后的疫苗接种率有所改善,这可能是由于提高了人们的意识.
- 早产状态显著影响HBV疫苗接种的及时性.
- 需要进一步研究父母的态度和潜在的种族偏见,以解决疫苗接种差异.
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