国家层面对儿童的支出与学校准备能力的不平等利益有关
Taryn W Morrissey1, Katherine Engel2, Margot I Jackson3
1School of Public Affairs, American University, Kerwin Hall 4400 Massachusetts Ave NW, Washington, DC, 20016, USA. morrisse@american.edu.
Maternal and child health journal
|February 14, 2025
概括
对儿童健康和早期教育计划的公共投资与父母对儿童发展的担忧较少有关. 然而,这些好处对弱势家庭来说不那么明显,这表明潜在的资金缺口.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 社会经济差距社会经济差距
背景情况:
- 父母对儿童发育的担忧是发育状态的关键指标.
- 对儿童服务的公共投资旨在改善儿童发展成果并减少差距.
研究的目的:
- 调查国家级公共支出对儿童计划和父母对幼儿园准备情况的担忧之间的关联.
- 分析公共对健康和早期学习的投资如何影响父母对儿童发展的看法.
主要方法:
- 利用从国家儿童健康调查 (2003-2012) 获得的全国代表性数据进行回归分析.
- 将儿童级数据与城市研究所和国家早期教育研究所的健康和早期教育的州级支出数据联系起来.
- 专注于有6岁以下儿童的家长 (N=56,736).
主要成果:
- 对儿童健康和早期教育的公共支出增加与父母对身体健康和运动发育的担忧减少有关.
- 每个儿童支出增加15%与健康和运动发育方面的标准偏差分别减少3%和2%有关.
- 支出与对早期学习或社会情感发展的担忧没有显著的关联,对弱势群体的好处较小.
结论:
- 对儿童的公共支出与父母对儿童发展的看法改善有关,但差异仍然存在.
- 目前的公共投资水平可能不足以弥补弱势儿童的早期机会和成果差距.
- 需要进一步的研究,以了解公共支出在缓解发展差距方面的充分性.
相关概念视频
01:30Information Processing Approach
30
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
30
01:29Environmental Influences on Intelligence
174
Despite the strong genetic influence on traits like intelligence, environmental factors significantly shape outcomes. For example, while over 90% of height variation is due to genetic differences, environmental factors such as nutrition also have a notable impact. Similarly, for intelligence, changes in a child's surroundings can significantly alter their IQ. Research shows that enriched environments boost children's academic success and help them develop key cognitive skills. Children...
174
01:25Learning Disabilities
83
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
83
01:29Reliability and Validity
12.7K
Reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. Reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. In the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways.
12.7K
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
56
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
56
01:30Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
21
Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...
21