美国医疗保健支出按医疗状况和地区跟踪
Joseph L Dieleman1, Meera Beauchamp1, Sawyer W Crosby1
1Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, Washington.
JAMA
|February 14, 2025
概括
在2010年至2019年期间,美国各县的医疗保健支出有显著差异. 二型糖尿病的成本最高, 而不是价格, 而是使用率.
科学领域:
- 健康经济学
- 医疗服务研究
- 流行病学
背景情况:
- 了解医疗保健支出模式对于识别趋势,不平等以及节省成本的策略至关重要.
- 医疗保健支出在不同地理位置和时间之间存在显著差异.
研究的目的:
- 从2010年至2019年,估计美国3110个县,4个纳税人,148个疾病,38个年龄/性别组和7种护理类型的医疗保健支出.
- 根据条件,地点和人口因素分析医疗保健支出的变化.
主要方法:
- 通过对40多亿保险索赔和10亿设施记录进行观察分析.
- 估计医疗保健支出和用于门诊,牙科,急诊,家庭医疗,住院,护理机构和药物护理.
- 从2010年到2019年的数据分析.
主要成果:
- 第二类糖尿病 (1439亿美元),肌肉骨疾病 (1086亿美元) 和口腔疾病 (930亿美元) 是最昂贵的疾病.
- 门诊护理占支出最大份额 (42.2%),其次是住院护理 (23.8%) 和药品 (13.7%).
- 人均支出从爱达荷州的3410美元到纽约的13,332美元不等,而使用率则在各县之间有所差异.
结论:
- 美国各县的医疗保健支出存在很大差异.
- 了解因病情,人口统计和护理类型的支出变化对于解决医疗保健差异和差距至关重要.
- 结果强调需要有针对性的策略来管理医疗保健成本并提高效率.
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