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在生殖发育过程中解脱VRT-A2的类效应,提高了小麦粒的长度和重量

Jing Liu¹, Chaoqun Dong¹, Xiangqing Liu¹

¹State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Production of Wheat-Maize Double Cropping, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.

|February 14, 2025

概括

VRT-A2基因增加了小麦粒的尺寸,但降低了产量. 研究人员确定了两个调节模块TaMFS1和TaSSRP1,用于控制VRT-A2的表达,从而使谷物重量增加而无产量损失.

科学领域:

植物遗传学和育种.
分子生物学分子生物学
农作物科学农作物科学

背景情况:

植物转生转基因2 (VRT-A2) 基因影响小麦品种中长和大粒等特征.
在VRT-A2的自然变化增加谷物重量,但可以减少谷物数量和整体产量,由于基础尖端的不完全发展.

研究的目的:

描述调控模块,微调面包小麦中的VRT-A2表达.
通过操纵VRT-A2监管来确定提高小麦产量的策略.

主要方法:

研究了APETALA2/乙烯反应因子 (AP2/ERF) 类型转录因子MULTI-FLORET SPIKELET1 (TaMFS1) 在抑制VRT-A2.2中的作用.
研究了结构特定识别蛋白1 (TaSSRP1) 在促进VRT-A2激活方面的功能.
评估了删除TaMFS1对VRT-A2表达,谷物重量和产量的影响.

主要成果:

TaMFS1通过招募转录核心压缩剂和基因素脱乙酶来抑制VRT-A2的表达.
TaSSRP1促进VRT-A2的激活,通过促进中间体和RNA聚合酶II的组装.
删除TaMFS1导致了温和的VRT-A2上调,显著增加了谷物重量,而不会造成产量损失.

结论:

确定了TaMFS1和TaSSRP1作为面包小麦VRT-A2的关键调节剂.
证明操纵这些调节器可以克服与VRT-A2激活相关的收益率处罚.
提供了通过编辑热基因的上游转录调节器来培育高产小麦的策略.

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