教育,牙脱落和牙医诊所:学校教育改革的证据
S-E Baumeister1, S Listl2, G G Nascimento3,4
1Institute of Health Services Research in Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Journal of dental research
|February 15, 2025
概括
更多的学校教育意味着更少的人失去所有的牙,更多的人定期去看牙医. 这项研究使用教育政策的变化来显示教育和更好的口腔健康结果之间的因果关系.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 牙科流行病学 牙科流行病学
背景情况:
- 教育与失去牙和使用牙科服务有关,但因果关系尚未确立.
- 之前的研究缺乏设计来评估教育对口腔健康的因果影响.
- 了解这种关系对于公共卫生政策和牙科护理规划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计增加教育对牙和牙科访问频率的因果关系.
- 作为教育的工具变量,利用政策改革 (提高退学年龄) 作为教育的工具变量.
- 提供关于学校教育对口腔健康行为和结果的影响的有力的证据.
主要方法:
- 利用仪器变量 (IV) 探针模型来分析因果关系.
- 使用来自美国行为风险因素监测系统 (BRFSS) 的重复横截面数据.
- 用欧洲健康,老龄化和退休调查 (SHARE) 的纵向数据进行欧洲分析.
主要成果:
- 在美国,额外一年的上学减少了2.9%的牙周病的可能性.
- 在美国,增加一年的学校教育增加了1.2%的牙医诊所的可能性.
- 在欧洲,教育对牙医访问频率的类似积极影响也被观察到.
结论:
- 延长的学校教育因果性地降低了牙脱落和牙的风险.
- 教育水平的提高导致更高的牙医定期出席率.
- 调查结果支持旨在增加教育机会以改善人口口腔健康的政策.
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