在80岁及以上的患者中使用医院焦虑和抑郁量表:系统性审查
Leslie S P Eide1, Reidun K N Sandvik1, Gøril Tvedten Jorem1
1Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway.
Journal of advanced nursing
|February 15, 2025
概括
这一系统性审查发现,使用医院焦虑和抑郁量表 (HADS) 的老年医院患者焦虑和抑郁症的研究有限. 需要更多的研究来了解老年人的这些情况.
科学领域:
- 老年医学 老年医学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 护理 护理 护理
背景情况:
- 焦虑和抑郁症显著影响衰老,并可能导致老年人的不良事件.
- 住院的老年患者 (≥80岁) 代表了一个日益增长和复杂的人口结构.
- 医院焦虑和抑郁量表 (HADS) 是评估这些情况的验证工具.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和报告使用HADS在80岁及以上的住院患者中测量焦虑和抑郁症的研究结果.
- 为护理专业人员,研究人员和教育工作者提供有关当前知识状态的信息.
主要方法:
- 进行了全面的系统审查.
- 广泛的数据库 (MEDLINE,EMBASE,PsycINFO,CINAHL,Cochrane,Epistemonikos,Scopus,Web of Science) 进行了搜索,直到2023年10月.
- 从符合条件的研究中系统地提取和分析数据,并使用关键评估技能计划的检查清单评估研究质量.
主要成果:
- 只有三项研究符合资格标准,分析了年龄≥80岁的420名参与者的数据.
- 焦虑的患病率在6%至18%之间 (平均得分<4).
- 抑郁症的患病率在7%至17%之间 (平均得分<4),大多数病例在住院之前没有被诊断出来.
结论:
- 医院住院老年患者的焦虑和抑郁症在文献中存在很大的差距,根据HADS测量.
- 进一步的研究是必不可少的,以建立证据,这些条件在这个脆弱的人群.
- 了解老年住院患者的焦虑和抑郁症对于有效的护理护理至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:15Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
01:22Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
01:00Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution
Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...
01:18Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
01:18Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
01:27Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...