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微塑料的食物转移层次碎片化诱导通过微藻-贝-食物链通过明显的生物适应

Ruoxuan Zhao¹, Jiawei Ding¹, Yingli Yang¹

¹Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China.

Journal of hazardous materials

|February 16, 2025

概括

微塑料 (MPs) 在海洋食物链中碎片化和积累,增加对生物的风险. 这项研究追踪了从藻类到的聚乙烯MP,揭示了增强的内部化和DNA损伤.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
海洋生物学海洋生物学
毒理学毒理学毒理学

背景情况:

微塑料 (MP) 构成生态和人类健康风险.
议员的热带转移及其变化是不太了解的.
调查MP生物积累和整个食物网的影响至关重要.

研究的目的:

研究聚乙烯MP (PE-MP) 在三层海洋食物链 (微藻-贝-) 中的生物积累和分布.
为了评估PE-MPs在热带转移期间的物理化学变化.
评估PE-MPs对海洋生物抗氧化防御和DNA完整性的影响.

主要方法:

使用微藻,贝类和建立了一个三层的奖杯转移模型.
暴露于聚乙烯MP (10-45μm) 的微藻.
通过类食物链转移PE-MP,分析MP碎片化,生物积累,组织分布和生物体反应.

主要成果:

微藻生长和料质量受到PE-MP附着的负面影响.
PE-MPs在鱼和进一步在鱼中分裂,增加了内部化和组织间传输.
海洋生物表现出抗氧化反应,但也经历了显著的DNA损伤,特别是在代谢和排毒组织.

结论:

层次的碎片化增强了MP的内部化,生物运输和跨越生物障碍的保留.
MPs 的热带转移对包括人类在内的高热带生物构成越来越大的风险.
需要进行进一步的研究,以了解MP在海洋生态系统中的热带转移的长期后果.

关键词:

抗氧化剂适应抗氧化剂适应生物积累是一种生物积累.造成的DNA损伤是DNA损伤.海洋食物网是一个海洋食物网.聚乙烯微塑料中的聚乙烯微塑料海鲜的消费海鲜的消费热带转移是因为热带转移.

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Trophic Efficiency

Trophic Efficiency

Trophic level transfer efficiency (TLTE) is a measure of the total energy transfer from one trophic level to the next. Due to extensive energy loss as metabolic heat, an average of only 10% of the original energy obtained is passed on to the next level. This pattern of energy loss severely limits the possible number of trophic levels in a food chain.

Trophic Levels

Trophic Levels

All organisms in an ecosystem occupy a trophic level in the food chain. The lowest level consists of primary producers, which synthesize their food from either solar or chemical energy. Each subsequent level obtains energy from the levels below. Detritivores can occupy any of the levels above primary producers.

Primary Production

Primary Production

The total amount of energy acquired by primary producers in an ecosystem is called gross primary production (GPP). However, of this energy, producers use some for metabolic processes, and some is lost as heat, decreasing the amount of energy available to the next trophic level. The remaining usable amount of energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP). In terrestrial ecosystems, NPP is driven by climate, while light penetration and nutrient availability drive NPP in aquatic ecosystems.