在八个国家评估COVID-19增剂疫苗的成本效益模型:方法和数据输入的审查
Darvin S Smith1, Maarten Postma2, David Fisman3
1Department of Infectious Disease, San Mateo Medical Center, San Mateo, CA, USA.
Vaccine
|February 16, 2025
概括
COVID-19疫苗提供健康益处,并且具有成本效益,特别适用于老年人和高风险群体. 随着病毒的演变,持续的真实世界证据对于评估疫苗的成本效益至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 新冠病毒病2019 (COVID-19) 给全球健康带来了持续的挑战.
- 政策制定者越来越多地利用成本效益 (CE) 分析来评估COVID-19疫苗.
- 评估CE至关重要,因为严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 过渡到流行病状态.
研究的目的:
- 审查COVID-19疫苗最近的CE证据.
- 在流行性SARS-CoV-2的背景下确定CE评估的最佳实践.
- 综合全球主要市场的研究结果.
主要方法:
- 针对COVID-19疫苗CE研究的有针对性的文献审查.
- 包括来自大型欧盟国家,美国,加拿大和澳大利亚的研究.
- 专注于补充疫苗接种和mRNA疫苗评估.
主要成果:
- 九项CE研究证实COVID-19疫苗提供健康益处,并且具有成本效益或节省成本.
- 福利在老年人和高风险人群中最为显著.
- 影响CE的关键因素包括COVID-19的发病率,传播能力,疫苗的有效性,保护的持续时间和住院费用.
结论:
- COVID-19疫苗表现出有利的成本效益,特别是对于弱势群体.
- 现实世界证据 (RWE) 是主要的数据来源,但存在局限性 (例如,长期COVID影响).
- 持续的RWE生成是必要的,以持续评估不断发展的COVID-19疫苗的CE.
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