增加前十字带负荷和损伤的生物力学危险因素:系统性审查
Malachy Belkhelladi1, Tanya Cierson1, Paul A Martineau1
1Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine
|February 17, 2025
概括
识别非接触前十字带 (ACL) 损伤风险因素对于预防至关重要. 生物力学分析显示,干部和部对齐,以及特定的脚和脚位置,显著影响ACL负荷和受伤风险.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 整形外科 整形外科 整形外科
背景情况:
- 了解非接触前十字带 (ACL) 损伤的生物机械风险因素对于制定有效的预防和康复策略至关重要.
- 减少运动员和普通人群中ACL受伤的发生率和负担是公共卫生的一个关键目标.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和识别与非接触性ACL损伤相关的生物机械风险因素.
- 确定在体育活动期间增加膝盖负荷的因素.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA指南进行了系统的文献搜索,包括在2023年5月之前发表的随机,队列,病例控制和横截面研究.
- 研究的重点是非接触性ACL损伤的生物力学,不包括接触伤害或伤害后评估.
- 分析了生物机械因素,如脚的位置,骨盆的上升,部旋转,脚的角度和干的对齐.
主要成果:
- 对28项研究 (2819名运动员) 的分析表明,与ACL受伤风险有显著的生物力学关联.
- 在83%的相关研究中,身体上部 (干部曲/延伸) 和部生物力学 (绑架/内部旋转) 与增加的ACL负荷有关.
- 脚和脚 (脚入/脚出着陆) 和膝盖 (曲减少) 的生物力学表明,ACL应力更高.
结论:
- 特定的生物力学因素,包括膝盖中间对齐,形干对齐和侧向干曲率下降,与膝盖负荷降低和ACL受伤风险相关.
- 需要针对高风险生物力学的有针对性的干预措施,以减少ACL损伤的发生率.
- 需要进一步的研究,以优化基于这些生物力学发现的预防和康复计划.
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