对引电池的不同热管理系统的研究,以获得车辆轻量化
Giulia Sandrini1, Daniel Chindamo1, Marco Gadola1
1Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, I-25123, Brescia, Italy.
Heliyon
|February 17, 2025
概括
用空气或相变材料 (PCM) 等被动系统取代主动电池冷却可以减少电动汽车的重量. 与空气冷却相比,PCM冷却,特别是用甘油,提供了更好的温度控制和更少的电池降解.
科学领域:
- 工程 工程师 工程师 工程师
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 可持续的运输可持续的运输
背景情况:
- 环境可持续性是交通部门的一个重点,推动了向更清洁的技术转变.
- 电动汽车 (EV) 的排放量有所降低,但面临着诸如电源排放,范围有限和充电时间长等挑战.
- 车辆轻量化是一种减少能源消耗和提高电动汽车效率的策略.
研究的目的:
- 通过将主动冷却系统替换为被动替代品 (空气和相变材料 - PCM) 来研究电池组的轻量化.
- 评估被动冷却系统对电池性能,降解和整体车辆轻量化的影响.
- 通过降低电池容量,同时保持车辆续航里程来评估二次轻量化.
主要方法:
- 利用VI-CarRealTime和一个车型来确定标准驾驶周期的功率需求.
- 开发了一种可适应的电池系统模型,以模拟不同冷却系统的性能.
- 分析了来自冷却系统更换和电池容量减少的轻量化效益.
主要成果:
- 空气冷却系统提供了显著的轻量化,但可以导致电池电池远离最佳的20°C运行,可能会增加降解.
- 基于PCM的冷却系统,特别是用醇,可以减轻温度偏差.
- 使用接近最佳电池工作温度的点的PCM (糖醇),可以减少细胞降解.
结论:
- 被动冷却系统为电动汽车电池组的轻量化提供了一个可行的策略.
- 空气冷却对于减轻重量是有效的,但可能会损害电池的寿命,适合特定的车队应用.
- 通过PCM冷却,特别是通过优化材料选择 (例如甘油),可以平衡轻量化与增强电池寿命和性能.
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