在以色列阿拉伯儿童中探索群外同质效应:宗教,接触和群体识别的作用
Francine Essa1, Hannes Rakoczy2, Gil Diesendruck1
1Department of Psychology and Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
Child development
|February 17, 2025
概括
以色列的阿拉伯儿童没有表现出外群同质性效应,与他们的犹太同龄人不同. 诸如宗教信仰和社会环境等因素影响了他们对群体属性的看法.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 跨文化心理学 跨文化心理学
背景情况:
- 外组同质性效应,即个人认为外组比内组更统一,是成年人群间偏见中记录的现象.
- 研究主要集中在多数群体的感知上,对少数群体,特别是儿童如何体验这种效应的理解有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查以色列年轻的阿拉伯儿童 (5岁和8岁) 中外群同质性效应的存在.
- 将阿拉伯少数民族儿童的反应与犹太多数儿童的现有发现进行比较.
主要方法:
- 这项研究涉及来自以色列不同宗教和社会背景的272名阿拉伯儿童 (54%为女性).
- 给孩子们展示了场景,要求他们选择同质或异质的群体样本,以确定某种属性 (生物或心理) 是否适用于他们的内部群体 (阿拉伯人) 或外部群体 (犹太人).
主要成果:
- 总的来说,阿拉伯儿童没有表现出外组同质性效应.
- 与犹太儿童相比,阿拉伯儿童并不总是认为外部群体 (犹太人) 比内部群体 (阿拉伯人) 更同质.
- 然而,研究结果表明,宗教信仰,社会环境和群体认同程度的个体差异在塑造儿童的反应方面发挥了作用.
结论:
- 以色列的年轻阿拉伯儿童似乎没有表现出外群同质性效应,与多数群体儿童相同.
- 这项研究强调了少数民族儿童的群体间知觉的细微性质,受社会文化和个人因素的影响.
- 需要进一步的研究,才能充分理解少数群体群体中群体间偏见的发展轨迹.
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