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视力评估在布管理中的重要性:叙述性审查
1School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
概括
评估关键的视觉功能,如对比度敏感性和立体感应,对于预防老年人跌倒至关重要. 一个基本的眼科检查可以识别那些需要进一步干预的人.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 跌倒是老年人的重大公共卫生问题,通常是由复杂的,相互作用的风险因素造成的.
- 尽管有建议,但由于指导不清楚,视觉功能评估在落管理中经常被忽视.
- 本综述探讨了在没有认知障碍的老年人中跌倒的视觉风险因素,重点关注实际的临床评估.
研究的目的:
- 审查与老年人跌倒相关的视觉风险因素.
- 确定可以在临床环境中实际评估的关键视觉功能.
- 为将视力评估纳入布管理策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (Web of Science,MEDLINE,APA PsycInfo) 进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 相关的搜索术语和布尔运算符被用于识别视觉功能和跌倒的研究.
- 包括的研究包括各种设计:RCT,观察性,队列,病例控制和定性研究.
主要成果:
- 与年龄相关的视觉功能的下降是常见的,与正常的衰老和病理有关.
- 证据证实了跌倒和视力敏度降低,双眼视力,视野,对比度敏感性和立体视觉之间存在关联.
- 评估了现有的视力查工具,以评估它们在跌倒评估中的有用性.
结论:
- 综合性跌倒评估必须包括视觉风险因素,特别是对比度敏感性和刻板印象.
- 视力查工具可以适应病诊所和住院患者的设置.
- 建议将眼科专业人员纳入落小组,以便及时管理视力障碍.
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