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虐待和忽视儿童的危险因素:系统审查和元分析
Zhidi Luo1, Yeyige Chen1, Richard A Epstein1
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Mental Health Services and Policy Program, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Public health
|February 17, 2025
概括
这一系统性审查量化了虐待儿童的风险因素. 父母的心理健康和药物使用增加了风险,而家庭收入和教育水平较高会降低风险,从而为预防策略提供信息.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
背景情况:
- 虐待儿童是一个重大的公共卫生问题,带来严重后果.
- 现有的关于虐待儿童风险因素的研究缺乏最近的定量综合.
- 了解这些因素对于开发有效的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地识别和量化儿童虐待的个人,家庭,社区和社会风险因素.
- 分析不同类型的虐待儿童 (身体,性,情感虐待,忽视) 风险因素的模式.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA指南 (2013-2023) 进行系统审查和元分析.
- 包括关于18岁以下儿童的身体,性,情感虐待,忽视和多种虐待的研究.
- 使用固定和随机效应模型的元分析,具有偏差风险,敏感性,子组和证据确定性 (GRADE) 分析.
主要成果:
- 男孩的身体虐待的几率更高 (OR:1.49).
- 保护因素包括有工作的家庭,高等家庭教育,父母年龄较大和家庭收入较高 (ORs 0.51-0.99).
- 风险因素包括较大的家庭规模,父母的心理健康问题,先前的虐待史和物质使用 (ORs 1.07-5.21).
结论:
- 确定的风险因素在多个层面 (个人,家庭,社区) 发挥作用.
- 调查结果强调需要针对性干预来解决这些多方面的风险因素.
- 对政策,实践和未来研究的影响对于加强儿童保护和福祉至关重要.
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