亲肠营养中必需脂肪酸缺乏:历史视角和现代解决方案,一个叙事审查
Jodi Wolff1, Mary Petrea Cober2, Katie A Huff3
1Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Deerfield, Illinois, USA.
概括
缺乏必需脂肪酸 (EFAD) 可能是由于营养摄入不良或代谢问题而发生的. 在注射脂类乳液中适当剂量的必需脂肪酸对于通过肠道营养治疗的患者来说至关重要,以防止EFAD.
科学领域:
- 营养生物化学 营养生物化学
- 临床营养学 临床营养学
- 代谢障碍 代谢障碍 代谢障碍
背景情况:
- 基本脂肪酸 (EFA),烯酸和α-烯酸,对于人类健康至关重要,不能内源合成.
- EFAD可能是由于饮食摄入不足,脂肪吸收受损,营养不良或代谢失调引起的.
- 亲肠道营养 (PN) 患者需要通过脂质可注射乳液 (ILE) 提供足够的EFA供应,以防止缺乏.
研究的目的:
- 为了突出EFAD在接受腹腔营养的患者中日益增长的流行率.
- 强调了解现代多元件ILE中的EFA组成的重要性.
- 为临床医生提供有关EFA适当剂量策略的指导,以防止EFAD.
主要方法:
- 关于EFA代谢和缺陷的当前文献的综述.
- 分析各种ILE配方中的EFA含量.
- 讨论像霍尔曼指数这样的传统生物标志物的诊断挑战和局限性.
主要成果:
- 现代ILEs通常含有较低度的烯酸和α-烯酸,增加EFAD风险.
- 仅依靠霍尔曼指数 (三烯:四烯比率) 可能导致EFAD的错误诊断.
- 准确的诊断需要对脂肪酸概况和代谢状态有全面的了解.
结论:
- 临床医生必须对PN患者的EFA状态保持警,特别是随着ILE配方的发展.
- 适当的EFA剂量和监测对于预防和管理EFAD至关重要.
- 为了准确的EFAD诊断,需要一种超出简单生物标志物比率的细微方法.
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