国家计划中的雄心壮志尚未与大胆的国际保护和恢复承诺相匹配
Justine Bell-James1,2, James E M Watson3,4
1TC Beirne School of Law, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. j.bell-james@law.uq.edu.au.
Nature ecology & evolution
|February 17, 2025
概括
致力于全球生物多样性框架 (GBF) 的国家必须加强国家生物多样性战略和行动计划 (NBSAP). 目前的NBSAP还没有完全满足GBF对生态系统恢复和保护区的目标.
科学领域:
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 环境政策 环境政策
- 生物多样性管理的管理
背景情况:
- 昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架 (GBF) 旨在阻止生物多样性丧失,近200个国家签署了该框架.
- 有效的GBF实施取决于国家生物多样性战略和行动计划 (NBSAP),这些国家生物多样性战略和行动计划将全球目标转化为国内行动.
- 敦促各国在第十六届缔约方会议 (COP-16) 之前修订NBSAP,使其与GBF目标保持一致.
研究的目的:
- 评估36个国家的修订NBSAP在多大程度上符合GBF目标2 (30%恢复) 和目标3 (30x30保护) 的要求.
- 识别国家在生物多样性保护和恢复的关键目标方面的承诺的差距.
主要方法:
- 36个国家在COP-16之前提交的经过审查的NBSAP.
- 将GBF目标2和目标3分解为组成元素.
- 分析了每个NBSAP的详细措辞与这两个目标的要求相比.
主要成果:
- 没有经过审查的NBSAP完全解决了GBF目标2和目标3的所有组成部分和雄心.
- 声明的国家计划与GBF恢复和保护目标的综合目标之间存在重大差异.
- 分析显示,目前的NBSAP缺乏必要的雄心壮志和细节,以实现GBF的生态系统恢复和保护区目标.
结论:
- 目前的国家生物多样性战略和行动计划不足以实现昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架所设定的关键生物多样性目标.
- 由于GBF的预期实现只剩下五年时间,各国必须大大提高其国内保护和恢复行动的雄心和范围.
- 为了有效应对全球生物多样性危机,需要紧急和更强有力的NBSAP实施.
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