社区卫生工作者基于能力的教育和培训:范围审查
Marium A Sultan1, Emily Miller1, Roosa Sofia Tikkanen2
1Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
BMC health services research
|February 18, 2025
概括
社区卫生工作者 (CHWs) 的基于能力的教育看起来很有前途,但主要是在小规模的高收入项目中学习的. 针对CHW需求的培训是有效的实践转移的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 医疗卫生工作人员发展发展.
背景情况:
- 社区卫生工作者 (CHW) 对全球卫生服务提供至关重要.
- 基于能力的学习计划提高了学习技能在实践中的应用.
- 本综述审查了关于为CHW培训提供基于能力的教育的文献.
研究的目的:
- 在CHW培训中对基于能力的教育发表的文献进行描述.
- 通过基于能力的教育,确定如何,由谁以及以何种方式培训CHW.
- 确定证据的范围,并确定基于能力的CHW培训中的差距.
主要方法:
- 对同行评审文献的范围审查 (2010年1月~2023年3月).
- 在EMBASE,OVID Medline,Web of Science和CINAHL数据库中进行了搜索.
- 包括 713 篇审查文章中的 236 篇;由于异质性而被描述性地分析.
主要成果:
- 文献集中在高收入国家,特别是美国,重点关注小规模干预.
- 有效的策略包括为文盲程度低的CHW量身定制内容,当地文化背景,并共同设计课程.
- "促进和预防服务"是最常见的实践领域; "个人安全"是最不常见的.
- 培训往往缺乏有关机构支持,专业化和职业发展的信息.
结论:
- 对CHW的基于能力的教育存在显著的学术兴趣,但主要是在高收入环境中的小型特设计划中.
- 培训计划必须与CHW的实际情况和工作要求保持一致.
- 需要进一步的研究来评估教育设计对能力获取和维护的影响.
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