对反动物的全基因组研究揭示了最近在山羊中活跃的两个内源性逆转录病毒家族
Marie Verneret1,2, Caroline Leroux1, Thomas Faraut3
1IVPC UMR754, INRAE, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EPHE, PSL Research University, 69007, Lyon, France.
Mobile DNA
|February 18, 2025
概括
内源逆转录病毒 (ERV) 是反动物基因组中古老的病毒残留物. 这项研究确定了24个ERV家族,揭示了山羊的最近活动以及牛,绵羊和山羊的独特进化路径.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 内源逆转录病毒 (ERV) 是哺乳动物基因组的重要组成部分,起源于祖先的生殖系感染.
- 它们的进化动态和在反动物 (包括牛,绵羊和山羊) 中的基因组景观尚未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 综合调查牛,绵羊和山羊基因组中ERVs的景观和进化史.
- 识别和描述ERV家族及其在这些反动物物种中的插入模式.
主要方法:
- 从养和野生绵羊,山羊和牛的参考基因组组的新生物信息分析.
- 基于相似性的方法来识别ERV家族,并追踪进化时间内的内源化事件.
- ERV插入的高分辨率注释,包括单独的长终端重复 (LTR).
主要成果:
- 在五个反动物基因组中表征了24个ERV家族 (I和II类),其中13个家族是保存的,其他是特定物种的.
- 在过去的4000万年中确定了多个内源化事件,揭示了不同的进化动态.
- 标注了100,534个ERV插入 (0.5-1%的基因组),其中单个LTR占83.2%,表明过去的活动. 两家II类家庭最近表现出活跃性,特别是在家养山羊方面.
结论:
- 两个ERV家族在反动物基因组中表现出最近的转移活性,在羊中具有显著的流行率.
- 这项研究强调了ERV对反动物基因组的动态影响,并强调了进一步进化研究的必要性.
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