疫苗衍生菌株引起的PRRSV-1在一个繁殖场的爆发:一个病例报告
Arnaud Lebret1,2, Patricia Renson3, Mathieu Brissonnier4
1PORC.SPECTIVE, ZA de Gohélève, Noyal-Pontivy, 56920, France. a.lebret@porc.spective.fr.
Porcine health management
|February 18, 2025
概括
本案例报告详细介绍了一种猪生殖和呼吸系统综合征病毒1型 (PRRSV-1) 改性活体病毒 (MLV) 疫苗菌株在法国可能恢复毒性,导致猪仔大量丧失和经济影响.
科学领域:
- 兽医病毒学 兽医病毒学
- 猪病流行病学 猪病流行病学
背景情况:
- 猪生殖和呼吸系统综合征病毒 (PRRSV) 改性活体病毒 (MLV) 疫苗是有益的,但带有恢复毒性的风险.
- 之前已经记录了PRRSV-2 MLV逆转和PRRSV-1 MLV重组的病例.
研究的目的:
- 报告法国首例可能恢复病毒性的PRRSV-1 MLV病例.
- 调查一家商业养猪场发生生殖障碍爆发的原因.
主要方法:
- 在母猪和小猪中通过PCR进行临床监测和PRRSV-1检测.
- 对ORF5,ORF7和整个基因组 (WGS) 的核酸测序用于病毒菌株的特征.
- 统计过程控制方法,以评估生产损失.
主要成果:
- 从一个疫情爆发的农场中分离出了一种PRRSV-1菌株,该菌株与该农场未使用的特定MLV菌株 (VP-046 Bis) 具有很高的遗传相似性 (98.6%的WGS标识).
- 隔离的菌株在遗传上与被施用的MLV菌株 (DV MLV) 不同.
- 在附近的加工场中发现了一种高度相关的菌株,这表明了潜在的污染源.
结论:
- 这是法国首次有证据表明,PRRSV-1 MLV可能会在法国恢复毒性.
- 疫情造成了巨大的经济损失,在34周内失去了812只断奶小猪.
- 这些发现强调了疫苗安全监测的重要性以及与MLV菌株相关的潜在风险.
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