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在COVID-19大流行期间,患有慢性肺部疾病的种族和族群中吸烟模式
Vijaya L Seegulam1, Caretia J Washington1, Parvathy P Surendran1
1Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions & College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
随着COVID-19的流行,慢性肺部疾病的成年人吸烟率发生了差异性影响. 吸烟在西班牙裔个人中增加,但在非西班牙裔白人中减少,突出了针对性干预的必要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
背景情况:
- 慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 和喘是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因.
- 可燃性香烟吸烟是COPD死亡的主要驱动因素,并加剧了喘的结果.
- 边缘化的人群面临严重COPD和喘的更高风险,吸烟是关键因素.
研究的目的:
- 调查种族/族裔与目前的吸烟之间的关联.
- 检查COPD和/或喘的成年人中吸烟患病率和强度的变化.
- 为了比较种族/种族群体在COVID-19大流行之前,期间和之后的吸烟趋势.
主要方法:
- 分析国家健康访谈调查数据,包括10763名患有COPD和/或喘的成年人 (≥40岁).
- 利用后勤和负二项式回归模型来估计吸烟的流行率和消费.
- 2019年,2021年和2023年种族/族裔子组之间的吸烟模式比较.
主要成果:
- 大约20%的COPD/喘成年人是目前的吸烟者.
- 在大流行期间,西班牙裔个体的吸烟率显著增加 (10.5%至14.9%).
- 非西班牙裔白人在流行后的吸烟率显著下降 (21.1%至19.8%).
结论:
- 随着COVID-19大流行,COPD/喘患者成年人的吸烟行为受到不成比例的影响.
- 调查结果表明,对西班牙裔吸烟者有不利影响,对非西班牙裔白人吸烟者有改善.
- 进一步的研究至关重要,以了解潜在的因素,并为各种人群开发量身定制的干预措施.
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