美国劳动年龄成年人中自我报告的ADHD诊断状态:来自2023年国家福利调查的证据
Andrew S London1, Shannon M Monnat1, Iliya Gutin1
1Syracuse University, NY, USA.
Journal of attention disorders
|February 18, 2025
概括
在2023年,近14%的美国工作年龄的成年人报告了终身诊断的注意力缺陷/多动症 (ADHD). 这一比例明显高于前几年,人口统计学群体之间存在差异.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 心理健康统计 心理健康统计
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 诊断率一直在增加.
- 了解在工作年龄的成年人中ADHD的患病率对于公共卫生规划和资源分配至关重要.
- 以前对成年人ADHD诊断的估计是有限的,并且有很大的差异.
研究的目的:
- 估计2023年在美国劳动年龄成人 (18-64岁) 中自我报告终身注意力缺陷/多动症 (ADHD) 诊断的患病率.
- 分析该人口中ADHD诊断率的人口变化.
主要方法:
- 分析了2023年国家福利调查数据 (N=7,053).
- 自我报告的终身ADHD诊断状态的估计.
- 结果按性别,年龄,种族/族裔,出生地,教育程度和农村-城市居住地分层.
主要成果:
- 据估计,在2023年,大约13.9%的美国工作年龄的成年人报告了终身ADHD诊断.
- 在所有分析的人口变量中观察到ADHD诊断率的统计学显著变化.
- 在女性,年轻人,非西班牙裔白人,美国出生的个人,教育程度较低的人以及中等大都市地区的居民中,发现了更高的比例.
结论:
- 在劳动年龄的成年人中,2023年ADHD诊断率远高于2012年以前的估计和2023年一般成年人人口.
- 导致这种增加的潜在因素包括不断变化的诊断标准,对成人诊断的接受度增加以及潜在的过度/错误诊断.
- 需要进一步的研究来验证这些估计,并了解观察到的ADHD诊断增加背后的原因.
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