旁观者对危险酒精使用的评估:通过旁观者理论进行的项目开发的定性方法
Michelle Haikalis1, Rochelle K Rosen2, Matthew K Meisel1
1Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, School of Public Health, Brown University.
概括
制定有效的旁观者干预措施,对年轻人危险的酒精使用至关重要. 本研究详细介绍了使用焦点小组和采访的定性过程,以创建相关和验证的心理测量仪器.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 高质量的研究需要明确的方法来开发心理测量仪器.
- 年轻成年人危险饮酒的旁观者行为是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
- 现有的措施可能无法完全捕捉到年轻成年人与危险饮酒经历的细微差别.
研究的目的:
- 描述开发一系列与年轻成年人危险饮酒相关的旁观者行为措施的定性阶段.
- 确保心理测量项目的相关性和准确性,通过将其建立在目标人群的生活经验中.
- 为了生成准备用于定量心理测量验证的项目集.
主要方法:
- 利用定性方法,包括八个重点小组 (N=60) 和认知面试 (N=20).
- 通过对焦组成绩单的专题分析,修订了现有的旁观者措施,并开发了新的项目.
- 内容专家审查和完善项目,随后进行认知访谈以提高清晰度.
主要成果:
- 确定了与危险饮酒迹象,干预策略,障碍,促进者和后果有关的关键主题.
- 开发和完善的项目集用于测量在危险的酒精使用环境中旁观者的行为.
- 通过认知测试,确保指示,项目和响应选项的清晰度和相关性.
结论:
- 定性工作成功地产生了为定量心理测量验证准备的项目集.
- 严格的方法确保开发的措施准确地反映了危险饮酒的目击者的经历.
- 这些产生的项目集将支持对旁观者干预策略的研究,以减轻与酒精有关的伤害.
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