高输出电压水性超级电容器通过在广泛的温度范围内的水失活电解质
Hongji Wang1, Wenpeng Liu1, Jin Huang2
1School of Environmental and School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, 066004, China.
Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|February 18, 2025
概括
新的有机水凝电解质使水性柔性超级电容器 (AFSC) 能够在-40°C下实现高3.0V输出和能量密度. 这些进步克服了传统超级电容器的局限性,在广泛的温度范围内提供稳定的性能.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 电化学 电化学 电化学
- 储能 储能 储能 储能 储能 储能
背景情况:
- 传统的对称水性超级电容器存在低工作电压,低温电阻和高压不稳定性,这限制了它们在广泛的温度范围内的能量密度.
- 在极端温度下开发具有稳定,高电压输出 (>2.0 V) 的水性柔性超级电容器 (AFSC) 仍然是一个重大挑战.
研究的目的:
- 提出一项战略,在广泛的温度范围内构建具有超高输出电压和增强能量密度的AFSC.
- 为提高AFSC性能,开发具有优良水失活性质的新型有机水凝电解质 (OHEs).
主要方法:
- 具有水失活能力的有机水凝电解质 (OHEs) 的合成和表征.
- 使用开发的OHE,制造和对AFSC进行电化学测试.
- 理论计算和实验分析,以了解水失活的机制及其对电压极限的影响.
主要成果:
- 使用OHE的AFSC实现了3.0V的显著输出电压,并在-40°C下达到23.16μWh cm−2的前所未有的能量密度.
- OHEs增强了分子间相互作用,并调节了海尔姆霍尔茨间平面,增加了AFSC的输出电压极限.
- 开发的AFSC表现出极好的灵活性和循环稳定性,在25°C的20,000个循环后保持80.5%,在-40°C的50,000个循环后保持97.0%.
- 在AFSC中,OHE能够实现可切换的输出电压 (2.5到3.0V),从而实现高能量密度和低温稳定的运行.
结论:
- 有机水凝电解质 (OHEs) 有效地使水失活,从而增加水性柔性超级电容器 (AFSC) 的工作电压极限和能量密度.
- 开发的AFSC表现出卓越的性能,包括高电压输出,优异的能量密度,灵活性和循环稳定性,特别是在低温 (-40°C).
- 这一战略为开发能够在极端温度条件下可靠运行的先进储能设备提供了有前途的途径.
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