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人工智能在精神错乱评估中的作用. 潜在的机会和当前的挑战.

Cristina Scarpazza1, Andrea Zangrossi2

  • 1Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS S.Camillo Hospital, Venezia, Italy.

International journal of law and psychiatry
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PubMed
概括

法医精神错乱的评估很困难,容易出现错误. 人工智能 (AI) 可以提高评估刑事责任的可靠性,但必须首先解决数据,准确性和道德等挑战.

关键词:
人工智能的人工智能是人工智能.法医科学 法医科学 法医科学疯狂的辩护是疯狂的辩护.精神错乱的评价 疯狂的评价评价者之间的可靠性.

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科学领域:

  • 法医心理学 法医心理学
  • 人工智能的人工智能
  • 法律医学 法律医学

背景情况:

  • 通过精神错乱评估来确定刑事责任是复杂和主观的.
  • 法医心理病理学对精神错乱的决定遭受了认知偏见和低级别之间的可靠性.
  • 人工智能 (AI) 提供了提高精神错乱评估客观性的潜力.

研究的目的:

  • 探索AI在法医精神错乱评估中的应用.
  • 确定阻碍AI在该领域实施的挑战和局限性.
  • 讨论在法律决策中围绕人工智能的伦理考虑.

主要方法:

  • 在精神病学评估中审查当前的AI能力.
  • 在精神错乱评估的背景下对监督学习算法的分析.
  • 讨论人工智能的数据要求,准确度指标和道德框架.

主要成果:

  • 目前的人工智能应用仅限于监督算法,没有确立的基础真相或最佳训练数据.
  • 对于人工智能准确性的基准,用于法律确定部分或全部精神错乱是不确定的.
  • 在法律背景下对人工智能的重大伦理担忧仍然没有得到解决.

结论:

  • 人工智能有望提高精神错乱评估的客观性.
  • 必须解决关键挑战,包括数据验证,准确性标准和道德准则.
  • 在人工智能可靠地集成到刑事审判中进行精神错乱评估之前,进一步的研究至关重要.