使用电子健康记录预测早期出现的双相情绪
Bo Wang1,2,3,4, Yi-Han Sheu1,2,3,4, Hyunjoon Lee5
1Center for Precision Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines
|February 19, 2025
概括
使用电子健康记录 (EHR) 的机器学习模型可以有效地预测年轻人早期出现的双相情感障碍 (BD). 这种方法有助于及时干预,通过可扩展和准确的方法识别有风险的个人.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 计算医学是一种计算医学.
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 早期发现双相情感障碍 (BD) 对于及时干预至关重要.
- 大规模的电子健康记录 (EHR) 数据,包括临床笔记,可以用于预测建模.
- 在年轻人中预测早期发病的BD是一个重大的临床挑战.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证机器学习模型,用于预测青少年和年轻人的早期双相情感障碍 (BD).
- 利用全面的EHR数据,包括结构化和非结构化临床笔记.
- 评估不同青年队伍和预测窗口的模型性能.
主要方法:
- 从大型EHR系统中提取结构化和非结构化数据.
- 根据心理健康访问史和诊断,确定了三个不同的青年队伍 (10-25岁).
- 采用了前性里程碑建模方法,并验证了各种机器学习模型,包括随机森林 (RF) 和光梯度增强机器 (LGBM).
主要成果:
- 随机森林 (RF) 和光梯度增强机器 (LGBM) 显示出强大的区分性能 (AUC 0.74-0.89).
- 使用减少的特征集实现了可比的模型准确性,这表明了计算效率.
- 这些模型在各种临床环境和预测窗口中显示出良好的预测能力.
结论:
- 使用大规模EHR数据的机器学习模型可以有效地预测早期出现的双相情感障碍 (BD).
- 这项研究提供了一个可扩展和准确的方法来识别处于危险的年轻人,支持临床决策和早期干预.
- 未来的研究将重点关注模型可移植性到其他医疗保健系统和实施考虑.
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