预防偏头痛的行为干预:系统性审查和元分析
Jonathan R Treadwell1, Amy Y Tsou1, Benjamin Rouse1
1ECRI, Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania, USA.
Headache
|February 19, 2025
概括
像认知行为疗法 (CBT),放松训练和正念等行为干预措施可能会减少成年人的偏头痛频率. 对于儿童来说,CBT,生物反和放松训练的组合显示出减轻偏头痛频率和残疾的希望.
科学领域:
- 神经学和行为医学 神经学和行为医学
- 综合证据和系统审查.
- 临床试验分析
背景情况:
- 在儿童和成人中预防偏头痛缺乏最近对行为干预措施的系统审查.
- 了解这些非药理学方法的有效性和安全性对于患者护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 综合现有关于偏头痛预防行为干预措施的益处和危害的证据.
- 评估各种行为疗法在减少偏头痛频率,残疾和改善生活质量的有效性和安全性.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库中对从1975年到2023年的随机试验进行系统的文献搜索.
- 包括对儿童和成人偏头痛预防行为干预的试验.
- 在适当的情况下使用元分析进行数据综合,并提供证据强度 (SOE) 评级.
主要成果:
- 对于成年人来说,认知行为疗法 (CBT),放松训练和基于正念的疗法显示了降低偏头痛频率的低SOE.
- 仅教育就显示了低的SOE来改善成年人中偏头痛相关的残疾.
- 对于儿童/青少年来说,CBT + 生物反 + 放松训练与单独的教育相比,在减少偏头痛频率和残疾方面显示出较低的SOE.
结论:
- 包括CBT,放松和正念在内的行为干预措施显示出在成人中预防偏头痛的潜力,而特定的组合在儿童中显示出有前途.
- 证据基础受到不足的试验,偏见的高风险以及干预组件和报告中的不一致性所限制.
- 未来的研究需要更大规模的,精心设计的试验,具有标准化组件,适当的控制组,以及对数字交付方法的调查.
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