更年期和心理健康
Karen Horst1,2, Nicole Cirino1,2, Karen E Adams3
1Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
|February 19, 2025
概括
在更年期过渡 (MT) 期间,情绪和认知变化等心理健康症状很常见. 早期识别和基于证据的治疗方法,包括激素治疗和生活方式调整,对于改善中年女性至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 更年期过渡 (MT) 涉及显著的激素变化,影响大脑功能.
- 心理健康变化,包括情绪障碍和认知困难,在MT期间很普遍.
- 这些症状可能比以前认识的更早开始,并显著影响生活质量.
研究的目的:
- 审查与更年期过渡相关的心理健康变化.
- 讨论中年患者的病理生理学,症状学和基于证据的治疗选择.
- 在MT期间为临床医生提供有效的患者咨询和症状管理策略.
主要方法:
- 在MT期间对病理生理学,症状时间表和心理健康治疗选择的文献综述.
- 综合基于证据的干预措施,包括激素治疗,精神病药物治疗,心理治疗和生活方式改变.
- 分析产科医生/妇科医生和心理健康临床医生在患者护理中的作用.
主要成果:
- 心理健康症状,特别是情绪和认知问题,是MT的常见早期表现.
- 这些症状与大脑结构,连接性,新陈代谢和由于荷尔蒙变化的炎症的深刻变化有关.
- 有效的管理涉及激素治疗,精神病药物,心理治疗和生活方式调整的组合.
结论:
- 接受MT的个人面临着新发病和先前存在的心理健康状况的风险增加.
- 产科医生和妇科医生临床医生在识别和管理这些心理健康问题方面是至关重要的.
- 提高临床医生的意识和利用基于证据的方法对于优化中年妇女的健康结果至关重要.
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