超重/肥胖的老年人中意大利面消费和心脏代谢风险:纵向分析
Sangeetha Shyam1,2,3, Stephanie K Nishi1,2,3,4, Jiaqi Ni1,2,3
1Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental ANUT-DSM, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
Journal of the American Nutrition Association
|February 19, 2025
概括
将意大利面纳入饮食可能会降低老年人心脏代谢风险 (CMR). 取代白面包,大米或土豆的意大利面显示出体重和BMI的显著改善.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
- 饮食干预 饮食干预
背景情况:
- 众所周知,低血糖指数 (GI) 的饮食可以改善心脏代谢风险 (CMR),特别是在胰岛素抵抗患者中.
- 意大利面是一种常见的低GI食品,其对CMR的特定影响需要进一步调查.
- 高CMR的老年人是理解饮食影响的关键人口.
研究的目的:
- 评估面食消费与老年人各种心脏代谢风险因素之间的纵向关联.
- 为了确定消费意大利面是否会影响身体体重,BMI,腰围,血压,禁食葡萄糖,HbA1c,HDL-胆固醇和甘油三.
主要方法:
- 利用了PREDIMED-Plus试验的数据,其中包括大约6000名老年人.
- 通过两年间从食物频率调查问卷中的累积平均摄入量来评估意大利面的消费量.
- 采用能量调整的每日份量和线性回归模型来分析意大利面摄入量与CMR结果之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 较高的意大利面摄入量与身体重量,BMI和腰围在两年内显著减少有关.
- 每个每日额外的意大利面配方与体重,BMI和腰围的显著减少有关.
- 取代白面包,白米或土豆的意大利面导致体重和BMI的更大降低,在取代特定食物时,额外有利于腰围和腹压.
结论:
- 用面食取代精制碳水化合物,如白面包和白米,甚至是土豆,可能是一个可行的策略,以减少地中海老年人超重或肥胖的心脏代谢风险.
- 在某些美食背景下,这些饮食替代似乎是可行的.
- 需要进一步的研究来证实这些发现在不同的人群中,并充分阐明潜在的CMR益处.
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